Preserving Order in Luther and Hobbes Essay - 2425 Words

Preserving Order in Luther and Hobbes Both Martin Luther and Thomas Hobbes believe in preserving order. Their writings paint pictures of strong sovereigns and obedient subjects. Yet while both men see it as wrong to overthrow a sovereign, they recognize that sovereigns are overthrown and that the sovereigns must do what they can to prevent this. On top of that both men see different causes for their sovereigns’ creation, set different ends for their sovereigns, and would limit the actions of the sovereigns to those specific ends. Hobbes, whose sovereign is created as an alternative to the state of nature, places the possibility of the state collapsing as the limits of that sovereign’s power. Luther, whose rulers are appointed by God,†¦show more content†¦He writes that there are two different kinds of people. One kind of person is the true Christian, who does not need rulers but would willingly do more than is asked by any ruler. The other kind of person is someone who, without a strong ruler, woul d cause disorder. The rulers keep these people in line. God appoints them and, like the peasants, they will be called in the end to justify to God what they have done. What limits do the two men place upon their rulers? The most obvious limits are the conditions for which the sovereign may be overthrown. Neither Hobbes nor Luther are in favor of a sovereign being overthrown and both talk against the idea of men judging their rulers. However, at the same time they do caution their rulers to acknowledge the limits that the risk of being overthrown imposes on them. Both men say that is wrong for the people to judge their rulers. Hobbes’ disapproval comes from his understanding of the nature of the relationship between sovereign and subjects. For him it would be wrong because the sovereign, having been given the assignment to keep peace, must be given also the means. Judging the sovereign would come to close too denying the sovereign the means to do his job and bringing the commonwealth back towards the state of nature. Luther does not use the same method of definition and argument and nor does he view the relationship between sovereign and subjects as a voluntary contract. HisShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther, Thomas Hobbes And John Locke2526 Words   |  11 Pagesborn equal before the law. This declaration made by the powerful nations and signed by all nations strong and weak that belong to the United Nations reflects the thoughts of many earlier philosophers to include the 16th 17th Century Martin Luther, Thomas Hobbes, and John Locke. However, each philosopher -based on their times and experiences gave a different value to how men use their freedom and equality in presence of the other in a society, and in relation to political authority. As determinantRead MoreThomas Hobbes And The Natural Condition Of Mankind Essay2171 Words   |  9 Pagescontract. Thomas Hobbes, James Madison, and Plato all believed that having an absolute sovereign is what will make a society the most successful. This pape r seeks to point out the distinct visons of absolute sovereignty that Hobbes, Madison, and Plato articulated by unpacking the central premises of each argument, pitting them against each other through comparing and contrasting. Thomas Hobbes View In the Leviathan, Hobbes tries to prove why the Leviathan is necessary for preserving peace andRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesbody of knowledge. What does it study? It studies three determinants of behavior in organizations: individuals, groups, and structure. In addition, OB applies the knowledge gained about individuals, groups, and the effect of structure on behavior in order to make organizations work more effectively. To sum up our definition, OB is the study of what people do in an organization and how their behavior affects the organization’s performance. And because OB is concerned specifically with employment-related

Techniques of Poetry Appreciation - 1178 Words

Techniques of Appreciating Poetry What is poetry? * Poetry is the creativity of a persons imagination. * It is nothing but rhythmical, imaginative language expressing the invention, taste, thought, passion, and insight of the human soul. * Like any other literary work, poetry needs to be understood to be appreciated. * The writer writes for a reason. * The purpose may be to evoke emotion, inform, define, represent something of the world or life, and to entertain. * Whatever the case, a poem is unique to its writer. And each poem can be analyzed to be appreciated. Here are some general ideas that may help one to acknowledge the beauty of the poem: Techniques of Poetry Appreciation: 1. Subject Matter†¦show more content†¦* Is the structure itself convention? The form of the poem is very important. You should know what kind of poem you are dealing with: e.g. ballad, epic, ode, sonnet, dramatic monologue, elegy, etc. Answer: It is an Ode Its written to show reverence to the most ordinary things in life – claiming to have an extraordinary worth or value. Merits | Demerits | 1. Enriches learning of poetry | 1. Time consuming | 2. Add value to the text | | 3. Inculcates scientific temper and a spirit of inquiry. | | 4. Allows critical evaluation | | ‘Ode to Tomatoes’ by Pablo Neruda The street filled with tomatoes midday, summer, light is halved like a tomato, its juice runs through the streets. In December, unabated, the tomato invades the kitchen, it enters at lunchtime, takes its ease on countertops, among glasses, butter dishes, blue salt cellars. It sheds its own light, benign majesty. Unfortunately, we must murder it: the knife sinks into living flesh, red-viscera, a cool sun, profound, inexhaustible, populates the salads of Chile, happily, it is wed to the clear onion, and to celebrate the union we pour oil, essential child of the olive, onto its halved hemispheres, pepper adds its fragrance, salt, its magnetism; it is the wedding of the day, parsley hoists its flag, potatoes bubble vigorously, the aroma of the roast knocks at the door, itsShow MoreRelatedUse Of Language For Aesthetic Purposes Essay1400 Words   |  6 PagesPoetry is the use and manipulation of language for esthetic purposes. My interpretation of poetry is understanding that normally poesy’s intention is to engage both the author and audience in perceiving an emotion or idea. This is a form of prose that is unlike the ordinary composition of the human language. Some say poetry transcends other forms of writing because it’s qualities can be interactive. Others say because poetry morphs the linguistic characteristics of language and can be difficult toRead MoreEssay on Poetry and Ann Bradstreet924 Words   |  4 Pageslives. The Differences is Taylor had college experiences and politics and he saw his personal poetry as worship. Rather than Bradstreet she had a hard life she did experience politics but wasn’t as many as Taylor. She also wrote for herself in her poetry. 3) What two literary techniques are included in most of Edward Taylor’s poetry, and what are characteristics of these techniques? His literacy techniques where Conceit and Apostrophe, Conceit is an extended metaphor that typically draws and abstractRead MoreResist Much, Obey Little1375 Words   |  6 Pagesand beyond, and that true comprehension of life involves true appreciation of nature. Prior to his rapid gain of literary recognition, Whitman volunteered as a nurse for the Civil War for three years. His experiences at the hospital inspired numerous poetry and prose pieces, and he soon became certain that he could construct more pieces out of his life-changing encounters with wounded soldiers. Walt Whitman’s distinct style and technique presented in his work always leads back to the highly significantRead MoreThe Goals Of Poetry Therapy1603 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å" People who read poetry have heard about the burning bush ,but when you write poetry, you sit insi de the burning bush ’’- Li-young lee . 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The Modernist View Of Poetry1384 Words   |  6 PagesModernist Lens The modernist view of poetry is most often compounded through depictions of unparalleled chaos, fragmentation, and disjuncture from the poetic self and society as a whole. In William Butler Yeats’ poetry, he embodies these defining perspectives by his representation of society within concepts of decay. More specifically, Yeats’ poems â€Å"Leda and the Swan† and â€Å"The Second Coming† epitomize the poetic techniques that define modernist views of poetry. In essence, these two poems compileRead MoreHistory Of English Literature II1603 Words   |  7 PagesWith Imagery William Wordsworth’s â€Å"Preface to Lyrical Ballads, with Pastoral and Other poems (1802)† and his poem â€Å"Nutting† focus on nature in order to elicit a response from the reader and provoke the senses. These romantic works use different techniques to accomplish the same purpose. Wordsworth utilizes simple language and imagery to accomplish his task. Through his writing he express himself and his ideas in the world around him. The relationship between the author and reader emanates throughRead MoreEssay on Personal Statement of a Literature Reader618 Words   |  3 Pagesare used in Literature to challenge, inspire and educate. From my GCSE years I have known that I wish to pursue a joint course of this nature to degree level. I am keen to analyse my favourite literature with further knowledge of the linguistic techniques used and gain additional insight into what makes the best texts so timeless and effective. On my English Language course at A Level, I have been introduced to the concept of categorising texts which includes semantic and pragmatic analysis, muchRead MoreAnalysis Of Emily Dickinson s A Narrow Fellow 1246 Words   |  5 Pagessomething much deeper than the love and appreciation of nature, one cannot help but feel lost in the simplistic words and beautiful imagery and metaphors that Dickinson uses to draw her readers in. 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The Conqueror And King Alexander The Great Free Essays

Alexander the Great, as his name connotes is probably one of the greatest military leaders and conquerors in the history of the world. At a very young age, he was able to put much of the Hellenistic world under his control extending over 3,000 miles from Greece to India (Cummings, 2004). The unification of the numerous Greek city-states under the father of Alexander, Philip II of Macedon was attributable to the the great conqueror who took control over these lands that the Persian army used to control. We will write a custom essay sample on The Conqueror And King: Alexander The Great or any similar topic only for you Order Now These include Anatolia, Syria, Phoenicia, Judea, Gaza, Egypt, Bactria and Mesopotamia (Shone and Odgens, 2005). Alongside this, he extended the boundaries of his own empire reaching as far as Punjab (now a province of Pakistan) in the Indian subcontinent. These military achievements of Alexander the Great did not stop here. If he had not died at a very young age, Alexander the Great could have conquered the European lands (Tarn, 1979). He also wanted to continue his conquests by exploring eastwards, hoping to find the end of the world which had been made known to him by his tutor, the great philosopher, Aristotle. Alexander’s tutor once told him tales of where the lands and the great oceans begin. It was also Aristotle who influenced the young prince greatly on how to behave properly, especially in dealing with women. His great respect for women has been very evident even during his adulthood (Syversten, 1997). In his conquests of new lands, Alexander encouraged the inclusion of foreigners into his army which is basically the reason why some scholars consider him to be a ‘policy of fusion (Cummings, 2004). ’ With this, he also encouraged the intermarriage between his army and foreigners, which he also engaged in by marrying Roxanne, the princess of Bactria, one of the present provinces of Afghanistan. Because of this, the military conquests and achievements ushered in what came to be known as the Hellenistic age, a fusion of Greek and Middle Eastern culture (Gunther, 1963). In Afghanistan, for example, the rulers had combined Greek names with their own names. Having lived a life that was full of military achievements and accomplishments, though shortly lived made Alexander a person of vital importance not just in the history of the Greek culture but the history of the world as well. He has also appeared to be a legendary hero in the person of the Homeric hero, Achilles (Green, 1970). The Achievements of Alexander the Great The birth of Alexander the Great on the twentieth of July to Philip II of Macedonia and his fourth wife Olympias in Pella, Macedonia in Northern Greece happened to be the same day when the temple of Artemis has been raised to the ground- a good omen of how great the young prince would be (Robinson, 1963). Aside from this, he could have inherited the military skills and achievements of his other relatives. His father, like him was a great general and organizer. Similarly, Pyrrhus of Epirus was his second cousin (O’Brien, 1992). As a child, it has been said that Alexander would often get disappointed whenever he learns of his father’s successful conquests of new lands, thinking that there would be no more lands left for him by the time he sits on the throne as king (Syversten, 1997). By the time he reached thirteen, the young prince matured, thanks to his education under Aristotle. It was because of his education under Aristotle that he became interested in philosophy, literature, philosophy, countries, ethics, politics, etc. He also developed a love for the works of Homer and the Heroic Age (Pinkerton, 2002). His love for Homer’s the Iliad was the reason why he regarded Achilles to be his role model, and it was because of this that the young boy became fearless and strong which he demonstrated by riding Bucephalus, the horse no one ever dared to touch (Pinkerton, 2002). At the age of sixteeen, King Philip II placed great responsibilities upon the young prince. While the former has been away for a long period of time, one of Macedonia’s colonies revolted. Due to the absence of his father, the young prince took over the situation and commanded the troops to subdue the said rebellion. He was also sixteen years old when he found his first ever colony, Alexandroupolis (Syversten, 1997). Alexander became the king of Macedonia at the age of 20. During that time, the Greek city states became restless under Macedonian rule. On one of his battles in the north, fighting the Barbarians, word spread about Alexander’s death, causing the people of Thebes to revolt. Upon learning of what is happening, Alexander had to engage in harsh measures to quell the rebellion. From then on, no one ever questioned the capacity, strength and efficiency of Alexander as a military leader (Cartledge, 2005). The young king then went on with his conquest of Persia, one of the dreams his father had, also knowing that he could not have real power with Darius, the great king of Persia around (Robinson, 1963). He defeated the great Persian ruler at the battle of Issus in 333 BC for the second time and in November of that same year, he was crowned as King of Persia (Stoneman, 1997). It was also in that time when he reached the Indian subcontinent where he defeated Porus, an Indian prince. Although he planned on taking on what lies beyond the Ganges River, Alexander had to go back as his army mutinied against him (Cummings, 2004). He was able extend his empire up to this part because of his marriage to the Bactrian princess, Roxanne (Gunther, 1963). The journeys of Alexander the Great led him to discover numerous cities and colonies. The most popular of them all, is perhaps the city which bears his name, Alexandria. The people in Egypt welcomed the Macedonian king hospitably, having despised their Persian rulers and crowned him as their pharaoh (Syversten, 1997). Egypt then became the center of learning and commerce because of its strategic location (Robinson, 1963). The greatness of Alexander, however started to diminish as he was continuously losing the support not just of his army but of the Macedonians as well because of his adoption of Persian ways (O’Brien, 1992). On July 10, 323 BC, a month before his 33rd birthday, Alexander the Great died. Some say it was because of malaria or other types of sicknesses while others theorize it to be caused by poisoning. Some say this was due to some people’s discontent with his rule, especially the sons of Antipater, the viceroy of Greece. With no legal heir to inherit his vast kingdom which extends from Greece to India, the empire of Alexander the Great has been distributed to his generals. Having conquered vast territory within a very short lifetime, Alexander the Great remains to be the greatest military commander and conqueror in the history of the world. References Cartledge, P. (2005). Alexander the Great: The Hunt for A New Past. US: Vintage. Cummings, L. V. (2004). Alexander the Great. USA: Grove Press. Green, P. (1970). Alexander the Great. USA: Cengage Learning Gunther, J. (1963). Alexander the Great. USA: Random House. O’ Brien, J. M. (1992). Alexander the Great: The Invisible Enemy: A Biography. UK: Routledge Pinkerton, J. (2002). Biography of Alexander the Great. Retrieved October 4, 2007 From http://mi. essortment. com/alexandergreat_rhqk. htm Robinson, C. A. (1963) Alexander the Great: Conqueror and Creator of A New World. USA: F. Watts Publishing. Shone, R. and Odgens, C. (2005) Alexander the Great: The Life of a King and a Conqueror. USA: Rosen Classroom. Stoneman, R. (1997). Alexander the Great. UK: Routledge. Syversten, T. (1997). The Rise and Fall of Alexander the Great. Retrieved October 4, 2007 From http://members. aol. com/tomstp9/alex. html Tarn, W. W. (1979). Alexander the Great. Volume II: Sources and Studies. USA: Cambridge University Press How to cite The Conqueror And King: Alexander The Great, Papers